Should you avoid giving your child peanuts to ensure they don’t develop an allergy? If you’d asked medical authorities this question in the late 90s and early 2000s, you’d get an answer that’s completely opposite to what you’d get now.
In this episode of The Studies Show, Tom and Stuart discuss the science behind the medical recommendations on peanut allergy - the remarkable story of a major scientific U-turn.
The Studies Show is sponsored by Works in Progress magazine. Their latest article, about “advance market commitments” for vaccines and antibiotics and other stuff besides, is now available at worksinprogress.co.
Show notes
Useful review article on the “diagnosis and management of food allergy”
Analysis of UK NHS data on hospitalisations and mortality from anaphylaxis
Two studies raising doubts about parents’ claims that their child has an allergy
Recommendations on improving tests for food allergy
1998 UK Department of Health document recommending not to give children peanuts until 3 years of age
2000 American Academy of Pediatrics statement that broadly agrees
2008 observational study comparing Jewish children in the UK (no peanuts) to Jewish children in Israel (lots of peanuts)
…after which the advice in the UK is announced to be “suspended”
The 2015 LEAP randomised controlled trial on peanut avoidance vs. peanut consumption in infants
Follow-up of the same data to age 12
BBC article about the follow-up
Observational study from Australia finding no significant change in the prevalence of peanut allergy
Paper arguing that if we want to see effects, we need to give peanuts to babies even earlier
The EAT trial of food allergen exposure in non-high-risk infants
Re-analysis of LEAP and EAT data to work out the best age to administer peanuts
The PreventADALL study from Sweden
2019 article collecting examples of “medical reversals” from across the scientific literature
Credits
The Studies Show is produced by Julian Mayers at Yada Yada Productions.
Episode 39: Peanut allergy